一、基本原则
若陈述部分为祈使句,反意问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等。如:
Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信发掉,好吗?
Try to be back by two, won’t you? 设法两点之前回来,好吗?
注:若陈述部分为否定式,则反意问句部分只用will you。如:
Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。
有时根据语境的需要,反意问句也可以用can you, can’t you 等:
Give me some cigarettes, can you? 给我些香烟,可以吗?
Walk faster, can’t you? 走快点,不行吗?
二、let型
1. 当祈使句为Let’s…时:反意问句总是用 shall we。如:
Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我们现在就给她打电话,好吗?
Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱们去看电影,好吗?
2. 当祈使句为Let us…时:若表示请求,反意问句用will you;若表示表示建议,则用 shall we。如:
Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?
Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?
注:let’s…只表示建议,所以其后反意问句总是用shall we。而let us…既可表示建议请求,也可表示建议(较正式),其后的反意问句要根据这两种不同情况分别使用will you和shall we。
将祈使句变成反意疑问句通常需要在句末加上一个反意疑问词,如 “will you,” “can you,” “won’t you,” “could you” 等,以表达出询问的意思。
以下是一些例子,以及它们的中文翻译:
- Imperative Sentence: “Open the window, please.” Negative Question: “Open the window, won’t you?”
翻译: “请打开窗户。” => “请打开窗户,好吗?”
- Imperative Sentence: “Pass me the salt.” Positive Question: “Pass me the salt, will you?”
翻译: “把盐递给我。” => “把盐递给我,行吗?”
- Imperative Sentence: “Don’t forget to call me.” Positive Question: “Don’t forget to call me, could you?”
翻译: “别忘了给我打电话。” => “别忘了给我打电话,行吗?”
- Imperative Sentence: “Please help me with my bags.” Negative Question: “Please help me with my bags, won’t you?”
翻译: “请帮我拿行李。” => “请帮我拿行李,好吗?”